Determination of β-carotene in Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Plants Regenerated from Stems Callus

Abstract

This study succeeded in regenerating carrot (Daucus carota L.) plants produced from seedling stems callus which transplanted in soil. The results indicated that Murashige and Skoog (MS) salts medium provided with 1.0 mg L-1 NAA was superior in callus induction 96.6% after thirty days of culture. Also MS medium containing 1.0 mg L-1 of each NAA and BA gave callus up to 83.3%. Numerous shoots that record 417 were differentiated from callus in agar-solidified MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 NAA and 4.0 mg L-1 TDZ. Regenerated shoots were rooted easily in agar-solidified MSO medium of reasonable root systems that sustained adaptation of plantlets successfully in field conditions. Tissue culture plants were better than plants produced from seeds in their growth and morphological characters. They produce normal flowers (Inflorescence) producing fertile seeds and normal storage roots. In addition to their superiority in β-carotene content which recorded 1.988, 1.264 mg / 100 gm fresh weight of callus and roots respectively. ‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬ ‫ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺩﻴﺭ‬-‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﻘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻟﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﺭﻭﺘﻴﻥ‬ Daucus carota L. ‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﺨﺹ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺩﺭﺍﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﺤﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ‬ carrot) Daucus carota L. (‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺎﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻟﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺩﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﻘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻗﻠﻤﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺭﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬. ‫ﻭﺃﻅﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺘﺎﺌﺞ‬ ‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻼ‬ ‫ﺌ‬ ‫ﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻁ‬ MS ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺩﻋﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ 1.0 ‫ﻤﻠﻐﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺭ‬-1 NAA ‫ﻻﺴﺘﺤﺩﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻟﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ 96.6 % ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬ 30 ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ‬. ‫ﻭﻜﺫﻟﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺴﻁ‬ MS ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻬﺯ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ 1.0 ‫ﻟﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﻐﻡ‬-1 ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻜل‬ NAA ‫ﻭ‬ BA ‫ﺍﻟﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﺤﻘ‬ ‫ﻕ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬ 83.3 % ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺤﺩﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻟﺱ‬. ‫ﺃﻨﺘﺠﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺩﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺒﻠﻐﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻀﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‬ 417 ‫ﻓﺭﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﺎﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻟﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ MS ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻬﺯ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﻀﺎﻓﺔ‬ 1.0 ‫ﻤﻠﻐﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺭ‬-1 NAA ‫ﻭ‬ 4.0 ‫ﻟﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻠﻐﻡ‬-1 TDZ.  ‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻀﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﺫﺭﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻁ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻬﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺠﺔ‬ MSO ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺏ‬ ، ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻜﻭﻨﺕ‬  ‫ﻀﻤ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺠﺫﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺎﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻨﻘ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﻤﺭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻗﻠﻤﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﻤﻭ‬ ‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﺎ‬. ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺯﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﺒﺎﺘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻔﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻟﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻜﻭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺫﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺘﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻅﻴﺭﺍﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻨﻤﻭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻜﻭﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻅﻬﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺯﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺠﺫﻭﺭ‬