Short- and long-term mortality following hypnotic use

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Abstract

Potential long-term consequences of hypnotics remain controversial. We used the prospective Swedish National March Cohort, a study based on 41,695 participants with a mean follow-up duration of 18.9 years. Logistic regression models and Cox proportional hazards models with attained age as timescale were used to assess associations of hypnotic use with short- and long-term mortality. The proportion of subjects who initiated or discontinued hypnotic use during follow-up was substantial. All groups of hypnotics were associated with increased mortality within 2 years after a first prescription, with an overall OR of 2.38 (95% CI, 2.13–2.66). The association was more pronounced among subjects younger than 60 years (OR, 6.16; 95% CI, 3.98–9.52). There was no association between hypnotic use and long-term mortality. The association between hypnotic use and increased mortality was thus restricted to a relatively short period after treatment initiation, and may be explained in terms of confounding by indication.

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Hedström, A. K., Hössjer, O., Trolle Lagerros, Y., & Åkerstedt, T. (2020). Short- and long-term mortality following hypnotic use. Journal of Sleep Research, 29(4). https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13061

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