Climatologic and hydrologic influences on the oxygen isotope ratio of tree cellulose in coastal southern California during the late 20th century

Abstract

The oxygen isotope ratio (δ18O) of precipitation in continental, midlatitude regions is a complex measure of atmospheric dynamics and regional climate variability and can be preserved in geologic archives. However, continuous modern observations of precipitation δ18O in many midlatitude regions, particularly in the coastal western United States, are sparse. Here, tree-ring cellulose δ18O from southern California is used to assess the potential of this proxy as an indicator of long-term hydroclimate and atmospheric variability. From 1954 to 2004, we observed that cellulose δ18O was well replicated within a single stand of blue oak (Quercus douglasii) on interannual and decadal time scales. By using a forward mechanistic model, we demonstrate that cellulose δ18O is not driven solely by the oxygen isotope composition of precipitation at the site nor any other single hydroclimate variable. Instead, the interannual variability in cellulose δ18O prior to 1979 is positively correlated with growing season soil water δ18O and after 1979 is negatively correlated with relative humidity. In addition, 2 years (1983 and 1998) of anomalously low cellulose δ18O coincided with the wettest years in California and the strongest El Niño events of the late 20th century. For these years, decreased near surface evaporation and/or increased upper-level condensation could account for the more depleted cellulose δ18O values. While blue oak cellulose δ18O is sensitive to atmospheric and hydroclimate variability, the varying temporal correlation between the cellulose δ18O and different environmental variables complicates any attempt to use the cellulose oxygen isotopes for reconstructions of climate variability beyond the calibration period. Key Points Oxygen isotope variations in California blue oak trees are investigated Cellulose isotopes are sensitive to hydroclimate and atmospheric variability Climate influences vary temporally, complicating long-term reconstructions ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.