A sustainable multi-layered open data processing model for agriculture: IoT based case study using semantic web for hazelnut fields

Abstract

In recent years, several projects which are supported by information and communications technologies (ICT) have been developed in the agricultural domain to promote more precise agricultural activities. These projects account for different kinds of key ICT terms such as internet of things (IoT), wireless sensors networks (WSN), cloud computing (CC). These projects are used for different agricultural products; and it is a well-known fact that they can be essential to perform precise agricultural activities for the relevant agricultural products. The implementation of these projects successfully depends on the extent to which various stakeholders provide support by leveraging relevant data, gathered from heterogenous data sources. Agriculture domain has a great number of stakeholders. These stakeholders need sophisticated data and appropriate intelligence to get benefits in order to perform precise agricultural activities. Authors agreed with scholars that "Open Data" idea, which means accessing data published on the web and available in a machine-readable format is an appropriate way to get benefits for precise agriculture by relevant stakeholders. In this paper, authors shall investigate the open data term in an agricultural context, create an open data processing model, and develop an IoT-based solution to gather environmental data from agricultural fields. Authors also show viability of the proposed model by developing an ICT-based solution. Considering the socioeconomic importance of hazelnut for Turkey, the stakeholders of hazelnut domain still have problems such as availability, meaningful, accuracy of the hazelnut related data. Therefore, authors shall focus on hazelnut within the scope of this paper.