Monitoring of gustatory stimulation of salivary glands by diffusion-weighted MR imaging: Comparison of 1.5T and 3T

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Our aim was to compare different field strengths monitoring physiologic changes due to oral stimulation of parotid glands by using diffusion-weighted (DW) echo-planar imaging (EPI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven healthy volunteers were examined with a DW-EPI sequence at 1.5T and 3T before and after oral stimulation with commercially available lemon juice. The b factors used were 0, 500, and 1000 s/mm2. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps were evaluated with a manually placed region of interest including the entire parotid gland. For comparison of results, a Student t test was used on the basis of the mean of the volunteer median values. To compare both field strengths, we calculated the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). RESULTS: DW-EPI MR imaging visualized the parotid glands of all volunteers. With 1.5T, the mean ADC before stimulation was 1.12 × 10-3 mm 2/s ± 0.08 × 10-3 mm2/s. After stimulation with lemon juice, the ADC increased to 1.18 × 10-3 mm2/s ± 0.09 × 10~3 mm2/s. For 3T, the ADC before stimulation was 1.14 × 10-3 mm2/s ± 0.04 × 10-3 mm2/s, with an increase to 1.17 × 10-3 mm2/s ± 0.05 × 10-3 mm 2/s after stimulation. For both field strengths, the increase in ADC after stimulation was significant (P < .001). High correlations between both field strengths were found pre- and poststimulation (r = 0.955, and 0.936, respectively). CONCLUSION: DW-EPI MR imaging allows monitoring of physiologic changes due to oral stimulation of parotid glands by using DW imaging with high correlation between 1.5T and 3T.