High-risk human papillomavirus infection and associated factors in the anal canal of HIV-positive patients in Medellín, 2017-2018

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) anal infection and associated factors in human immunodefciency virus (HIV) positive patients in Medellín. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study in 300 HIV-positive patients, adults, with history of anal intercourse, treated in two health care services of Medellín 2017–2018. We conducted a structured survey on sociodemographics, sexual behavior and medical history. HPV was detected in anal swabs tested by the COBAS 4800 system. Exploratory data analysis of risk factors associated with HR-HPV was conducted by chi-square test of independence and both raw and adjusted prevalence ratios used the Poisson regression model, at a 95% confdence interval. RESULTS: Te high-risk HPV had a prevalence of 82.7%; HPV16 had a prevalence of 32.7%, HPV18 a prevalence of 21.7% and other HPV types scored 78.3%. Te high-risk HPV prevalence in women was of 68.2% and 83.8% in men. Te risk factors associated with high-risk HPV after adjustment were age under 30 years, elementa r y education, casua l sex par tners, a nd f rst sex ua l activity before 18 years old. CONCLUSIONS: Te hig h incidence of h igh-risk H PV, a long w it h the occurrence of coin fect ions by multiple types in the study population shows their susceptibility to develop some type of anal intra-epithelial neoplasia. It is important to establish sexual health programs focused on primary health care. DESCRIPTORS: Human Papillomavirus Infections; Epidemiology; HIV Infections; Anal Neoplasia; Sexual Behavior; Risk Factors; Socioeconomic Factors