Particle Separations by Filtration and Sedimentation

Abstract

This chapter presents an overview of methods for separating particles (and the like) from fluids by filtration and sedimentation. Focussing primarily on separations from liquids involving recovery of the dispersed 'solids' phase and thickening, features of the types of equipment available are provided together with their advantages, limitations etc., and indicative process models for predicting or characterising their performance. A section on membranes, which are frequently used for the separation of sub-micron (micrometre) particles and nano-sized materials, is also included. 10.1 Introduction The separation of solids (particles) from fluids by filtration and sedimentation is practised in almost every industry sector including chemical, oil and gas, pharma-ceutical, food, water, aeronautical and automotive as well as pollution control. The product may be the particles themselves, the liquid phase, a solute dissolved within the liquid, and sometimes all three components. Cake filtration and sedimentation are common methods for the handling and recovery of particles and this chapter concentrates on descriptions of these two processes.