KEARIFAN LOKAL DAN CIRI KEBAHASAAN TEKS NARATIF MASYARAKAT IBAN

Abstract

KEARIFAN LOKAL DAN CIRI KEBAHASAAN TEKS NARATIFMASYARAKAT IBANDedy Ari AsfarBalai Bahasa Provinsi Kalimantan Baratemail: dedyprim@yahoo.comAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kearifan lokal dan ciri kebahasaan teksnaratif masyarakat Iban. Sumber data penelitian adalah tiga cerita Iban dari LembahSungai Rimbas, Sarawak, Malaysia, yaitu Kumang Nupi’ Sawa’, Entimu Nupi’ Keli’, danTekura’. Proses pentranskripsian teks menggunakan pencatatansecara fonetik dengansistem International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Hasil transkripsi dan terjemahan kemudiandiolah dengan komputer menggunakan program shoebox untuk menghasilkan database daninterlinear text. Hasil penlitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, kearifan lokal teknologi tangkapikan tradisional (acar, paca”, ginte”, mukat, jala, tubay, dan bubu). Kedua, kearifan lokaladat berladang dan bergotong royong (nunuw, kemaraw, tugal, nugal, bantun, mantun, dangutung-ruyung). Ketiga, kearifan lokal menyabung ayam dan bermain gasing (rabuYK danpaKkT”). Keempat, teks naratif lokal ini mengandung ciri-ciri bahasa Iban secara fonologidan morfologi serta ciri-ciri puitiknya.Kata kunci: kearifan lokal, ciri bahasa, teks naratif, etnoputikaLOCAL WISDOM AND LANGUAGE FEATURESOF IBAN PEOPLE’S NARRATIVE TEXTSAbstractThis study aims to describe local wisdom and language features of Iban people’snarrative texts. The data sources were three Iban stories from Rimbas Basin, Sarawak,Malaysia, namely Kumang Nupi’ Sawa’, Entimu Nupi’ Keli’, and Tekura’. The text transcribingprocess used the phonetic transcription with the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)system. The transcription and translation results were computerized using the shoeboxprogram to generate the data base and interlinear text. The results of the study are asfollows. The first is the local wisdom in the traditional fishing technology (acar, paca”,ginte”, mukat, jala, tubay, and bubu). The second is the local wisdom in the farming traditionandmutual cooperation (nunuw, kemaraw, tugal, nugal, bantun, mantun, and gutungruyung).The third is the local wisdom in the cockfighting and spinning top playing (rabuYKand paKkT”). The fourth is that the local narrative texts phonologically and morphologicallycontain the Iban language features and their poetic characteristics.Keywords: local wisdom, language features, narrative texts, ethnopoetics