Economic opening, business class and politics: The domestic and the international levels

Abstract

The Brazilian business community became involved in a noteworthy process of organization and political mobilization throughout the 1990s. Its action branched out into different areas, both in the domestic sphere, with the campaign for the reduction of the Brazil cost; and in the international sphere, with the creation of the Brazilian Business Coalition. This result stemmed from the confluence of a process of economic nature, which set up competitiveness to the level of a top-priority goal for the firms; and a process of political nature, with the performance of political entrepreneurs that helped to start off and to sustain the collective action. The initiative for collective action originated from where the exponents of the theory of political weakness of the Brazilian business community least expected it to: the National Confederation of Industry, a peak association of the corporatist system of representation of industrial interests. This article, therefore, simultaneously challenges two central statements that are present in a significant part of the literature: first, the idea that the Brazilian business community is incapable of collective action; second, the idea that corporatism is the primary cause of this incapacity. © 2007 CEDEC.