Prevalencia del síndrome de hombro del nadador y factores asociados en deportistas profesionales y juveniles de la selección Antioquia de natación

Abstract

Introduction: Swimming has a lower risk of injury compare with other disciplines, even though, is reported a high prevalence of shoulder syndrome (SS), many authors have tried to associate the SS with factors such as hypermobility, scapular dyskinesia, muscle imbalances, mobility arcs, swimming technique and training.Objective: To estimate the prevalence of the shoulder syndrome and associated risks factors in Antioquia (Colombia) league in young and older swimmers.Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive quantitative study was carried out, with a population of 100 swimmers, belonging to the Antioquia selection of 2016 that met the eligibility criteria, with ages between 14 and 28 years, of both sexes. The variables were grouped into four groups: demographic, clinical, anthropometric and swim technique characteristics.Results: The average age of the athletes was 17.78 ± 2.99 years, where 66% of them presented some discomfort in the shoulder, with tendon muscle injuries being the most frequent. Of the total athletes, 13.7% presented pain. A 45.2% of the swimmers presented right subacromial syndrome while 46.6% had left subacromial syndrome. There is an association between the SHDN, shoulder pain and training schedule (P <0.05). The prevalence of the SHDN is 69.9% in the swimmers belonging to the Antioquia swimming team for the year 2016.Conclusion: the prevalence of the SHDN in the swimmers belonging to the Antioquia team for the year 2016 is associated with the training time and the presence of pain; which limits the practice of sports.