Hazing and bullying in athletic culture

Abstract

Hazing and bullying are major factors impacting the mental health of athletes. While these behaviors arise from initiation rites and may serve as a means of organizational self-governance, they can rapidly evolve into dangerous and maladaptive behaviors with negative health consequences. Hazing exists as a trial for group entry and potentially to enhance team cohesion. Bullying aims to exclude undesired participants from the athletic group. Both behaviors have the potential to include sexualized violence. The modern athletic culture has mixed views on hazing, with some viewing it as unacceptable, while others consider it an important part of mainstream sports. Bullying has more unified opposition. Early recognition of risk factors for abusive behaviors is critical, as these behaviors, once established, may be difficult to curtail.