Solid electrolyte interphase formation on metallic lithium

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Abstract

Solutions of three salts (LiBF 4, LiNTf 2, LiPF 6) in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), selected arbitrarily as a reference solvent, were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The lithium surface in contact with LiPF 6 in NMP electrolyte was covered with a protective layer (SEI) which morphology comprise small particles (of ca. 0.2 μm in radius). This salt was selected for further studies. The impedance of the Li|(LiPF 6 in NMP+additive)|Li system was measured immediately after cell assembly and after galvanostatic charging/discharging. Fifteen different additives (10 wt.%) were used. The efficiency of individual additives was evaluated in terms of the Li|electrolyte system resistance (ΔR) or total cell impedance reduction, both deduced from EIS. Some of the additives were able to form the SEI layer and to reduce resistance/impedance of the Li|electrolyte interphase. In such cases, the lithium surface was covered with relatively uniform conglomerates, or regions separated by cracks, of ca. 1-2 μm in dimension. © The Author(s) 2012.

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Lewandowski, A., Swiderska-Mocek, A., & Waliszewski, L. (2012). Solid electrolyte interphase formation on metallic lithium. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, 16(10), 3391–3397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-012-1786-4

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