Vagina and external female genitalia

Abstract

LABIAL SYNECHIAE - Developing because of estrogens deficiency in presence of recurrent inflammations, usually asymptomatic. No treatment is usually required, since spontaneous opening can be expected; application of an oestrogen cream can quicken this process. HYMENEAL ATRESIA - Usually unknown until puberty, when menstruations start, causes hydrometrocolpos or haematometrocolpos. Diagnosis is clinical (protrusion of the hymen outside the vulva) and US. Treatment is surgical (opening of the hymen). © 2009 Springer-Verlag.