The sublingual route has been proposed as a needle-free option to induce systemic and mucosal immune protection against viral infections. In a translational study of systemic and mucosal humoral immune responses to sublingual or systemically administered viral antigens, eighteen healthy female volunteers aged 19-31 years received three immunizations with a quadravalent Human Papilloma Virus vaccine at 0, 4 and 16 weeks as sublingual drops (SL, n = 12) or intramuscular injection (IM, n = 6). IM antigen delivery induced or boosted HPV-specific serum IgG and pseudovirus-neutralizing antibodies, HPV-specific cervical and vaginal IgG, and elicited circulating IgG and IgA antibody secreting cells. SL antigens induced ~38-fold lower serum and ~2-fold lower cervical/vaginal IgG than IM delivery, and induced or boosted serum virus neutralizing antibody in only 3/12 subjects. Neither route reproducibly induced HPV-specific mucosal IgA. Alternative delivery systems and adjuvants will be required to enhance and evaluate immune responses following sublingual immunization in humans. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00949572. © 2012 Huo et al.
CITATION STYLE
Huo, Z., Bissett, S. L., Giemza, R., Beddows, S., Oeser, C., & Lewis, D. J. M. (2012). Systemic and mucosal immune responses to sublingual or intramuscular Human Papilloma Virus antigens in healthy female volunteers. PLoS ONE, 7(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033736
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