Evaluación de la adaptabilidad y estabilidad de 14 híbridos de maíz, Azuero,Panamá

Abstract

Adaptability and stability assessment of 14 corn hybrids, Azuero, Panama. An experiment was established across nine contrasting environments in Azuero during 2005-2006, to select corn hybrids with the best stability and adaptability on the Azuero Region. The genetic materials consisted in 14 white and yellow corn hybrids. A Completely Randomized Block Design with three replications was used. The experimental plots consisted of two rows of 5.2 m of length, separated by 0.8 m. A combined Analysis of Variances was done and the means was separated by LSD. To estimate adaptability and stability of hybrids and environments, AMMI and GGE Bi-plot and SREG technique were used. The statistical analysis indicated significant differences (P<0.01) among Genotypes, Environments and the Genotype-Environment Interaction, indicating the differential response of hybrids confronted with different environments. The hybrid P-0105 was superior to all others, with mean yield of 8.01 t/ha. This genotype was followed by the hybrid group formatted by 30S-40, PB-0103, P-0512, P-0102, 30F-80 and DK-466 with yields above 7 t/ha. The stability analysis identified the hybrid P-0102 like the most stable. The analysis of rainfall measured during crop development this year, defined three locality groups related with the flowering phase (51-80 dap) and grain fill phase (>80 dap) stress suffered. The group of three localities without water stress surpassed in 1.21 and 2.02 t/ha the other two environments groups