Use of carbon nanotubes in structural composites

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess excellent intrinsic characteristics such as exceptionally high mechanical and conductive properties which make them the prime candidate to reinforce high-performance composite structures. However, location and dispersion state of the CNTs have particular importance to achieve the mechanical and electrical enhancement of carbon-reinforced composites. Different approaches to incorporate CNTs were investigated such as CNTs thermoplastic veils, CNTs thermoplastic powder doped prepreg, and CNTs adhesives. Each approach required specific dispersion solution to develop a large experience in incorporation of CNTs in different resins (thermoplastics, thermosets, etc.) using improved innovative mixing process, CNT surface modification (functionalization) or by adding dispersing agents or compatibilizers. The dispersion quality for each scenario was characterized before composite manufacturing. It was shown that the damage tolerance and electrical conductivity for multifunctional carbon fiber reinforced polymer were improved compared to conventional composite.