Structural origin of reversible twinning, non-schmid effect, incoherent twin boundaries and texture in hexagonal close-packed metals

Abstract

Notably the most dominant twinning mode in hexagonal close-packed metals, {1012} 〈1011〉 twinning presents abnormal properties such as reversible twinning and non-Schmid effect. The twin boundaries may significantly deviate from the {1012} twinning plane. HCP metals also present a strong propensity to develop texture during processing. Through electron backscatter diffraction and high resolution transmission electron microscopy observations, we show that these properties can be well understood from the perspective of the atomic shuffling that dominates in the twinning.