Antibacterial Activity Test of Endophytic Fungus from Mangrove Plant (Rhizophora apiculata L.) and (Bruguiera gymnorrizha (L.) Lamk.) Against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603

Abstract

Pathogenic bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae is the cause of pneumonia disease in infants and adults. Antibiotics treatment is usually used to treat this disease. However, synthetic antibiotic use could lead to bacterial resistance. Therefore, novel antibiotics from natural resources are required to overcome this problem. The aim of present study is to determine the antibacterial activity of endophytic fungal extracts from mangrove plants Rhizophora apiculata and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza against K. pneumonia ATCC 700 603. Isolation, cultivation, extraction and antibacterial activity test were conducted. Fourteen endophytic fungi were derived from the two mangrove species, where the two fungal isolates: Penicilium sp.2 and Penicilium sp.4 showed the highest antibacterial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration of K. pneumoniae for both fungal extract is 3.6 mg mL-1, where bactericidal effect was observed. Additionally, antibacterial activity from the extract of Penncillium sp.4 is higher compared to Penicilium sp.2 extract, which is signified by larger average diameter of inhibition zone. However, at concentration more than 3.6 mg mL-1, both extract effectively inhibit the growth of K. pneumoniae. Our study reveals the potential of fungal extract from mangrove plant as prospective drug candidate to overcome the pneumonia disease. Keywords: antibacterial, pneumonia, endophytic fungi, mangrove