Micronutrient status and glutathione peroxidase in bedridden patients on tube feeding

Abstract

Deficiency of micronutrients, especially selenium, is common in critically ill patients. We investigated the micro-nutrient status (selenium, zinc, copper and manganese) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in 30 tube-fed patients and 21 hospitalized non-tube-fed control patients. Serum levels of selenium, copper and manganese in tube-fed patients were significantly lower than in control patients (selenium: 4.85 ± 1.38 μg/dl versus 8.67 ± 1.45 μg/dl; copper: 44.7 ± 36.9 μg/dl versus 92.1 ± 21.2 μg/dl; manganese 0.59 ± 0.41 μg/dl versus 1.52 ± 0.59 μg/dl). However, zinc and log GSH-Px in the serum were similar in the two groups. Serum selenium concentration correlated with the daily intake of selenium in tube-fed patients, but zinc, copper and manganese concentrations did not correlate with the daily intake of the respective trace elements in tube-fed patients. Blood GSH-Px activity correlated positively with serum selenium concentrations in the control patients, but not in tube-fed patients. These results demonstrate that selenium content of enteral feed appears to be insufficient to maintain normal serum levels in elderly bedridden patients. Our findings emphasize the importance of monitoring micronutrient status in patients on enteral feeding to avoid trace element deficiencies.