Valbenazine and deutetrabenazine: Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitors for tardive dyskinesia

Abstract

Purpose. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence for valbenazine and deutetrabenazine use for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia (TD). Summary. A literature search was conducted to gather relevant data regarding the use of valbenazine and deutetrabenazine for TD management. PubMed, MEDLINE, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched using the following keywords and MeSH terms: valbenazine, deutetrabenazine, tardive dyskinesia, VMAT2 inhibitors, and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitors. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials and meta-analyses published in English from April 2015 to August 2019 were included. Valbenazine 40-80 mg and deutetrabenazine 12-36 mg per day have been evaluated for the treatment of TD. Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) scores decline similarly (by 2-5 points) with use of either agent. AIMS response rates, defined by a 50% decline in symptoms, range from 33% to 50%. Both agents are well tolerated, with somnolence and akathisia reported most frequently (at low rates). Agent selection may be guided by manufacturer labeling recommendations for special populations and cost considerations. Conclusions. Valbenazine and deutetrabenazine were demonstrated to be effective in decreasing AIMS scores and were well tolerated in randomized controlled trials. These treatments may be considered as a next-line option when traditional strategies are not feasible or are ineffective. Head-to-head studies are warranted to decipher if either agent is preferable in terms of efficacy or tolerability.