Obtención, electrodeposición y caracterización de un recubrimiento polimérico bioabsorbible a partir de ácido L-láctico para aplicaciones biomédicas

Abstract

Poli (L-lactic) (PLA) has been used broadly in biomedical applications, such as sutures and bioadsorbable implant due to its capacity to allow the controlled growth of the biological tissue during their controlled biodegradation. In this work, a material polymeric PLA starting from the polycondensation in vacuum and inert atmosphere of lactic acid in presence of a catalyst of metallic zinc was obtained. In order to obtain different samples, both the Zn catalyst content and time of polycondensation were varied. Analysis of Infrared Spectroscopy, TGA, DSC, SEM and chemical etching were used to characterize the samples. Through a method of cathodic electrodeposition, a polymeric film was obtained on Ti6Al4V, by using an electrolytic cell with capacity of 200 ml and two graphite anodes whose exposed area was 12,57cm2. The electrolyte was a PLA-acetone dissolution 30:70 v /v. For this process, the variables were: voltage, time, temperature, stirring and the preparation conditions of polymer. Optical microscopy and etching techniques were used to characterize the resulting polymeric film. It was evidenced the PLA formation using a metallic initiator Zn which has provided migration and formation of cationic groups. These were efficiently neutralized and clustered on the Ti6Al4V substrate due to cathodic current application. In a range between 25 to 50 °C, considerable variations of thermal degradation were observed which induces that the material can potentially be used as a coating in orthopedic implantations.