Review on Phytochemicals for the Treatment of Kidney Stones

Abstract

Urolithiasis, also known as kidney stones, is a common urinary tract problem that is caused by the deposition of hard crystals formed by mineral or salt accumulation in the urinary tract. It can cause pain and obstruct urine flow. Several studies have shown that certain natural plants and/or their constituents can help to treat kidney stones. The aim of this review is to review the natural plants used to treat the disease and investigate their pharmacokinetics profile, pharmacodynamic properties, and molecular mechanism of action in treating kidney stones. The study protocol was published in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched up to May 2023. This review provided insight into identifying natural plants that can be used to treat urolithiasis. The report showed the primary underlying mechanism of these natural plants, as well as their isolated useful constituents. Our study showed that there are many natural plants that can treat urolithiasis. However, It is necessary to conduct research to assure the safety and effectiveness of these plants and their chemical compounds.