Anti-aging activity of xylocarpus granatum phytoextracts and xyloccensins K compound

Abstract

Cellular aging is promoted by the deleterious effect of free radicals. This can be lowered by antioxidant treatments. Xylocarpus granatum and its compound, Xyloccensins K have been reported to have antioxidant activity but there have been no reports of antioxidant and anti-aging activities at the cellular level. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and antiaging properties of X. granatum-derived extract and Xyloccensins K at a cellular level in yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Four vegetative and three generative parts of X. granatum organs including root, stem, leaf, twig, seed, flesh of the fruit, and peel of the fruit were extracted using 70% ethanol by the maceration method. Whereas, Xyloccensins K was obtained from the seed of X. granatum. The samples, other than peel of the fruit, were tested for prolonged cell longevity at lower concentrations as compared to that without phytoextracts treatment. Also, our data indicate that all samples could promote oxidative stress tolerance phenotype, as yeasts were capable of dealing with H2O2-induced oxidative stress treatment at 1, 2, and 3 mM H2O2 with the best phenotypes by the administration of twig extracts. Most of the phytoextracts showed an increase in mitochondrial activity, except that of seed extract. The result showed the administration of Xyloccensins K compound did not increase the expression of transcriptional factors of oxidative stress response gene cluster, sty1, and pap1. We suggest that the Xyloccensins K compound acts as a direct Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) scavenger. Thus, further study in elucidating the phenomenon of X. granatum extract-induced longevity is required.