Lowland semi–evergreen forest of Ethiopia

Abstract

This paper gives an overview of the status of the forest structure, floristic composition, distribution, wild animals, ecological and economic values and threats of lowland semi–evergreen forest in Ethiopia, and of the conservation efforts. This vegetation type is restricted to the southwestern corner of the country and covers only a small portion of Gambella Regional State. It is the only lowland wet forest in Ethiopia. It is known for the unique collection of plants (it has more than 106 woody plant species including lianas) and various types of wild animals. However, due to resettlement expansion, fire, shifting cultivation, and commercial plantations it is under deforestation. Hence, considerable efforts should be made to disseminate appropriate and effective laws that would safeguard the protection and sustainable utilization of the remaining forest resources. Importantly, recognition of the forest values by the government and other stakeholders has a paramount importance. This should be by providing appropriate economic incentives, environmental marketing schemes such as water and carbon trading, sustainable uses of non–timber forest products such as honey, traditional medicine and promotion of ecotourism should be developed. As this forest has unique floral and faunal diversity there is a huge ecotourism potential for development. In particular, there are waterfalls, plant and animals resources and historical and cultural sites that can serve as tourist attractions.