APETALA2 and APETALA3 genes expression profiling on floral development of teak (tectona grandis Linn f.)

Abstract

Background: Teak (Tectona grandis Linn f.) is one of valuable timber species because of the beauty, strength and durability properties. Main problem in teak improvement program is reproductive biology, a low pollen viability, high embryo abortion, low pollination success and low fruit production. Investigation carried out at the teak improvement that flowering aspects is very important. Teak development program was facing difficulties due to the lack of information about the role of genes regulating flowering. APETALA2 (AP2) and APETALA3 (AP3) genes as member of the floral organ Identity. The role of teak flowering development predicted by up and down regulation of TgAP2 and TgAP3 genes. This study was conducted to determine the gene expression profile of TgAP2 and TgAP3 in the developmental stages of teak flowering. Materials and Methods: In this study, TgAP2 and TgAP3 genes in teak identified from NGS transcriptome data that is annotated with Solanum lycopersicum. The TgAP2 and TgAP3 genes activities on the several developmental stages of teak flowering tissues are done with QRT-PCR analysis using 18S RNA as gene reference. Results: The highest expression level of TgAP2 on the floral development stages of 4th lateral floral buds. The TgAP3 gene expression reached the highest level on the apical floral bud stage development. Vegetative shoot as control stages, TgAP2 gene expression level reached 9 times compared to the control and TgAP3 more than 12 times. The TgAP2 and TgAP3 genes expression profile has non-significant correlation on all floral development stages. Conclusion: The TgAP2 and TgAP3 genes expressed with different level in all stages of the teak flowering development. The TgAP2 and TgAP3 genes have non-significant correlation expression profile in role of teak floral development. These results indicate that the TgAP2 and TgAP3 expression profiles equivalent to the general pattern in the Arabidopsis model plant.