Acylated pelargonidin 3-sambubioside-5-glucosides from the red-purple flowers of lobularia maritima

Abstract

Six acylated pelargonidin 3-O-sambubioside-5-O-glucosides were isolated from red-purple flowers of Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. 'Easter Bonnet Deep Rose'. These pigments were determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods to be pelargonidin 3-O-[2-O-(2-O-(acyl-II)-β-xylopyranosyl)-6-O-(acyl-I)- β-glucopyranoside]-5-O-β- glucopyranoside, in which the acyl-I group was replaced by 4-O-glucosyl-p-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid or ferulic acid, and acyl-II by caffeic acid or ferulic acid, respectively. In comparison with the floral anthocyanins of purple-violet flowers in L. maritima cultivar 'Easter Bonnet Violet', the molecular composition of organic acids and sugars of 'Easter Bonnet Deep Rose' were identical, however, aglycones of both cultivars were different, and pelargonidin is the floral anthocyanin of 'Easter Bonnet Deep Rose' and cyanidin is that of 'Easter Bonnet Violet'. Variations of the flower colors of these cultivars are responsible for the aglycone component in their floral anthocyanins. In this paper, the relation between flower color and anthocyanins in L. maritima cultivars is discussed. © 2010 JSHS.