Identification of chronic kidney disease risk in relatively lean Southern Chinese: the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype vs. anthropometric indexes

Abstract

Purpose: Assessing and comparing the ability of the hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) phenotype and anthropometric obesity indexes to identify subjects at high risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a relatively lean population in South China. Methods: Using data from a community-based, cross-sectional study conducted in Zhuhai City, Southern China, we examined associations between the HW phenotype, anthropometric obesity indexes, and incident CKD risk in a relatively lean population. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations. Results: The HW phenotype associated with CKD significantly in the unadjusted analysis (OR 3.53, 95% CI 1.65–7.52, P = 0.001). Further adjustment for gender, age, and other potential confounding variables had an impact on the odd ratios (OR); the OR decreased but still existed (OR 2.91, 95% 1.23–6.87, P = 0.016). The association of the HW phenotype with CKD remained significant after further adjustment for hypertension and diabetes. No significant association between the anthropometric indexes and incident CKD was found. Conclusion: The HW phenotype, but not the anthropometric indexes, is associated with an elevated risk of CKD in relatively lean subjects. The HW phenotype appears to be a better predictor of CKD than the anthropometric indexes. Level of evidence: Level V, descriptive study.