Diagnosis of granulosa cell tumors in arabian mares by ultrasonography, hormonal profile and histopathology

Abstract

Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) found to be the most common ovarian tumor in mares. This work was aimed to assess the GCT by different investigatory methods as, ultrasonography, hormonal profile and histopathology. 62 Arabian mares aged between 4-15 years were admitted to hospital with various behavioral changes, these mares examined physically, ultrasonographicaly and by assessment of hormonal profile, ovariectomy was indicated, gross and histopathological evaluation of removed ovaries was performed. Ultrasonographic scanning encountered different types of GCT, that appeared as honeycomb appearance, cystic, solid mass and mixed pattern. The hormonal profile showed higher levels of AMH, progesterone, estrogen and testosterone compared with control group. Histopathologic investigation ensured the presence of GCT in all examined cases with different tumor patterns, although the tumor in all cases was benign. In conclusion, GCT in mares can be diagnosed by ultrasonography, hormonal assays and histopathology. Most cases of GCTs are benign and most affected side is left one. The treatment of choice in case of GCTs is ovariectomy.