Turkmenistan: Landscape-geographical features, biodiversity, and ecosystems

Abstract

This chapter describes in brief the geopolitical location of Turkmenistan and physiographical features of its territory, background (deserts and mountains), and intrazonal (river valleys and oases) landscapes; provides specific features of its biodiversity and basic ecosystems; focuses on susceptibility of ecosystems to the effect of anthropogenic factors, in particular in view of extensive land development, and redistribution of water resources.