Novel Methods for Prevention and Early Diagnosis of Ovarian and Endometrial Cancers

Abstract

Because of the high incidence of endometrial cancer and the to poor prognosis of ovarian cancer establish a standardized practice method in early detection and diagnosis of these gynecological tumors is nowadays a primary goal in oncology research. Genomics and proteomics advances and new discoveries about tumor behavior and its specific characteristics bring the attention on several emerging factors that in the next future could become specific diagnostics tool in gynecologic oncology. The interaction between the genetic predisposition and the environment exposure has been recognized as one of the main pathogenic moments of tumor's development and growth. Clarify the exact mechanism that regulates these interactions and the cellular pathways involved in tumor growth can substantially contribute in identify "high-risk" populations. To target diagnostic investigations, to selected populations maximizing health benefits of screening programs and, of great importance, to allow the early detection of cancers remain main positive prognostic factors in tumor survivors. On the other hand, the second area of study, which benefits gynecologic oncology, is the constant improvement of imaging techniques. The tumor growth is early recognized observing specific changes in tissue morphology. Future innovations in gynecologic-oncology imaging will go beyond anatomy to focus on function.