Multiple consecutive norovirus infections in the first 2 years of life

Abstract

Studies investigating the magnitude and breath of protective immune responses after primary and subsequent norovirus infections in pediatric populations are limited. We investigated incidence of norovirus infections and serological responses in a child from longitudinal stool and serum samples collected from birth to 2 years of age. Four consecutive infections with distinct genotypes of norovirus were detected. Serum antibodies were genotype-specific offering no protection to reinfection with heterologous virus. Conclusion: This study describes norovirus-specific serological responses in a child with four consecutive norovirus infection during the first 2 years of life. The response is type-specific and does not protect from a subsequent infection with a heterologous virus.What is Known:• Correlates of protection to norovirus infection and disease are not yet determined, and most of the presently available data concern adult population.What is New:• This manuscript describes serological immune responses after primary and subsequent infections in a child during the first 2 years of life.