Considerations of the Butterfly Kick Based on Hydrodynamical Experiments

Abstract

Aminosidine sulfate [paromomycin] (16 mg/kg/day im for 20 days) was used to treat 21 patients (17 males, 4 females) with active mucocutaneous leishmaniasis between September and November 1994. The patients were principally adult agricultural workers (mean age 35.7 years); 13 had not received any specific treatment for mucosal leishmaniasis and 8 had failed to respond to Glucantime [meglumine antimonate] therapy. Diagnosis was based on clinical and epidemiological observations which included screening for the parasite, leishmanin skin sensitivity tests and an indirect fluorescent antibody test. 14 of 21 patients (67%) gave a positive result for Leishmania following inoculation of hamsters, or visualization in lesion impression smears or histopathological sections. All patients completed treatment and the mean follow-up period was 12.6 months. Side effects included pain at the injection site (18 patients, 86%), mild proteinuria (5 patients, 24%), elevated serum creatinine (1 patient, 5%) and subclinical hearing loss in one of two patients who did audiometric tests. Clinical cure was achieved in 10 patients (48%) and the accumulated relapse rate was 6 patients (29%).