Phylogenetic analysis of the Oriental genera of Orthopagini Emeljanov, 1983 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Dictyopharidae: Dictyopharinae), with a systematic revision of the genus Centromeria Stål, 1870

Abstract

A phylogenetic analysis is conducted for all 15 of the Oriental genera of Orthopagini (OGO), and representatives in Arjunini, Dictyopharini, and Hastini, so as to investigate the monophyly and phylogenetic relationships of the OGO. Although the length, thickness, and curvature of the cephalic process vary dramatically in different taxa of Orthopagini, most OGO make up a good monophylum if Emeljanovina Xing & Chen, is excluded. The revised OGO include 14 genera and can be divided into four unambiguous clades: Medeusa, Dictyopharina, Orthopagus, and Dictyotenguna. On the basis of the results of the above analysis, the phylogenetic analysis for all species of Centromeria Stål, is presented based on 48 adult characters. The revised Centromeria is monophyletic and can be separated into two unambiguous lineages: the speilinea clade and the longipennis clade. With the combination of the phylogeny and the updated geographical distribution, a Sundaland origin and a historically widespread distribution in Southeast Asia are suggested for Centromeria. Eight new Centromeria species, one new genus, and four new combinations are presented. Two synonymized Centromeria species are resurrected and two new specific synonyms are recognized. Diagnoses and descriptions, along with structural illustrations of male genitalia, are provided for all new species and four previously described species, excepting Centromeria inspinata Haupt,. Keys to the OGO and to the species of Centromeria are provided.