Omidenepag isopropyl ophthalmic solution for open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: an update

Abstract

Introduction: Current medical therapy for glaucoma consists of topical agents that lower intraocular pressure (IOP). Prostaglandin F2α analogues, the most commonly used class of IOP-lowering drugs, bind to prostaglandin FP receptors in tissues of the uveoscleral pathway. This binding increases the expression of matrix metalloproteinases, which degrade the extracellular matrix of the ciliary body, creating inter-muscular spaces allowing aqueous humor to exit the eye. Drawbacks to prostaglandin F2α analogues include cosmetic side effects, especially prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy (PAP) syndrome. Areas covered: This review describes the novel prostaglandin E2 receptor antagonist, omidenepag isopropyl, which reduces IOP by improving drainage of uveoscleral and trabecular outflow, increasing the facility of outflow. In contrast to prostaglandin F2α analogues, omidenepag does not inhibit adipogenesis or promote eyelash growth. This review describes preclinical studies of omidenepag, published results of phase I–III clinical trials, and preliminary results of phase III trials currently in progress. Expert opinion: Omidenepag appears to provide IOP reductions comparable to those of prostaglandin F2α analogues, but without the cosmetic side effects common to prostaglandin F2α analogues, especially PAP syndrome. The lack of association between omidenepag and PAP suggests that long-term use of this agent may have advantages in patients with glaucoma.