Global Trade Linkages: National Security and Human Security

Abstract

This chapter explores the linkages between international trade rules, national security, and various dimensions of human security, which includes the environment, labor, and human rights. It shows how and why such linkages emerged, describes who initiated and opposed them, and explains how they have affected the membership, terms, scope, and interpretations of global trade agreements. In contrast to several other essays in this volume, this chapter focuses not on regional or bilateral trade agreements, but on multilateral ones. It specifically explores trade policy linkages in the context of the International Trade Organization (ITO) , the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), and the World Trade Organization (WTO).