Redox Deposition of Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles on Graphite Electrode by Immersion Technique for Electrochemical Super Capacitors

Abstract

Objectives: To fabricate the electro chemical; super capacitors by single step control redox deposition process for coating manganese oxide onto the surface of a graphite cylindrical electrode. The purpose of this investigation is to employ manganese oxide as the electrode material along with a grahite electrode due to its low cost, environmental benignity and excellent capacitive performance in aqueous electrolytes. Manganese oxide is a very catching material compared to ruthenium oxide materials due to its availability, low cost and non polluting effects. Methods: The sample is prepared by the immersion technique by varying the immersion time of the graphite electrode with analytical grade Potassium permanganate, Sulphuric acid, Hydrochloric acid and Acetone as precursor sources. Double distilled water was used throughout the experiment. Epoxy resin was used to give the insulating coating for the graphite rod to make a graphite electrode. Statistical Analysis: The Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis gives the amount of oxygen, manganese and carbon present in the sample. The morphology of the manganese oxide coating on the graphite electrode was observed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Cyclic voltammograms, and chronopotentiometric charge-discharge analysis were taken. Findings: From the cyclic voltammogram measurements we can concluded that the manganese oxide coated graphite electrode has high operational stability. The chronopotentiometric charge-discharge curves demonstrate high electrochemical reversibility and good stability. Scanning electron microscope results demonstrates that the agglomeration of particles is less. The observed spherical particles are between 220 and 415 nm in diameter. Applications: The most successful and practical process used for electrochemical energy conversion and energy storage are batteries, fuel cells and Electrochemical Supercapacitors (ES). In recent research, ES have attracted considerable attention, mainly due to its high power density, long life cycle and bridging function for the power and energy gap between established dielectric capacitors (which have high power output) and batteries and fuel cells.