Perceptions of Massage Therapists Serving in a Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Purpose: Research focused on investigating the perceptions and experience of CAM practitioners in clinical research is uncommon. Rigorous qualitative methods can provide rich data that is often unavailable with standard clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of licensed massage therapists participating as practitioners in a randomized controlled trial using a standardized massage protocol and shammassage control. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with seven massage therapists, focusing on challenges, experiences, and expectations of working in a randomized controlled trial. Interviews were conducted via telephone or in-person and electronically recorded. Transcribed interviews were coded and analyzed for common themes. Results: Six major themes emerged focusing on 1) expectations of participating in a research study, 2) challenges of protocol adherence, 3) misgivings about sham treatment, 4) scheduling and compensation, 5) promotion of the profession of massage therapy and 6) collaboration as part of a research team. Participants reported overall positive experiences with open-mindedness toward functioning as a research massage therapist, appreciation for the group effort required for study success, and contributing to the advancement of the science of massage therapy. Challenges were noted in lack of freedom to adjust treatment per massage training, exclusion of healing intention in sham treatment, and need for adjustment in compensation and scheduling procedures. Conclusion: Understanding the experience of CAM providers participating in clinical trials can provide insight into more effective study design and have important clinical implications. The apparent conflict between the individualized nature of massage therapy and the necessary standardization of clinical trial interventions was made more discernable through interviewing massage therapists. While largely positive about the experience, the massage therapists highlighted the need in the future for closer attention to aspects unique to CAM practice and clinical trials.