Utilization of molecular markers in the diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules

Abstract

Maximizing the information obtained through ultrasound examination and fine needle aspiration biopsy of the patient with an indeterminate thyroid nodule by obtaining a molecular profile is increasingly being utilized to guide clinical management. Several molecular tests have recently become available in the last few years. These molecular tests evaluate nodules for the presence of mutations/rearrangements or for the expression of differentially expressed mRNAs or miRNAs. Differences in test characteristics and performance exist for each assay and are discussed here to aid in test selection and clinical interpretation of the results.