Living with Male Breast Cancer: A Qualitative Study of Men's Experiences and Care Needs

Abstract

Background: Male breast cancer (MBC) is rare, and most previous studies limited their focus on clinical aspects of the disease. Psychosocial implications and care needs of MBC patients are poorly understood. Objectives: The aim of this study is to explore the experiences of men living with breast cancer and to identify supportive care needs. Methods: Eighteen men were interviewed using qualitative, semi-structured telephone interviews. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: The majority of men did not have negative feelings about having a "women's disease," although some felt that stigmatization threatened their masculinity. Male sex was perceived as hindering access to adequate care. Patients identified key barriers including (1) a lack of awareness and experience of treating males among health professionals; (2) treatment and available information were based on evidence for females; and (3) lacking support services. Conclusion: To improve MBC care, it is important to raise awareness of the disease and to adapt treatment strategies, patient information, and support services to meet the needs of men.