Epidemiology and phenotype variation in young diabetes patients

Abstract

More and more people are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at a younger age nowadays. It is need of an hour to study epidemiology and phenotype variations in this group.To study phenotype among the young diabetes population.We retrospectively analysed data of all type 2 diabetes patients attending OPD from Jan 2019 to march 2019. Total 106 patients attended OPD during this period. BMI, PBF (% BODY FAT), VFI (Visceral fat index), Hba1c, Triglyceride, LDL and NON HDL, Total Calorie intake and % daily carbohydrate intake were reviewed for all 106 patients. All 106 subjects were divided in two groups based on their age; group A age ≤ 40 years (n=33), group B age > 40 years (n=73). Group B was further divided into group B1 (age 41-60 years) (n=58) and group B2 (age ≥ 61 year) (n=15). Average of BMI, Body fat analysis and biochemical parameters were compared between these two groups. Student's T test was used to calculate the p value for all parameters.We analysed data of all 106 patients and average of BMI, PBF, VFI, HbA1c, TG, LDL, NON HDL, TOTAL CALORIES, % Carbohydrate was compared between Group A and Group B. Average TG, LDL, NON HDL and % daily carbohydrate intake were higher in group A as compared to total as well as group B. out of this all parameters NON HDL and % of daily carbohydrate intake was higher in group A as compared to group B [(NON HDL (p value 0.0412); % carbohydrate intake (p value 0.064)]. In sub analysis the difference was more significant in group B2 (NON HDL) p value 0.0118; % of carbohydrate intake (p value 0.0275).NON HDL level and % of daily carbohydrate intake are significantly associated with a young Type 2 diabetes population (≤ 40 years) as compared to the adult population particularly type 2 diabetes population with age ≥ 60 years. NON HDL cholesterol and % of daily carbohydrate intake can be more easy targets to reduce prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the younger population. However, it may require further research in mass population.