Location of a PAT in a water transmission and distribution system

Abstract

The importance of pressure control in water transmission systems with the identification of flow energy dissipation points is presented. The numerical methods used to analyze the behavior of the hydraulic system, the control valve maneuvers, and the over-speed effect associated with the dynamic behavior of the PAT are discussed. The dynamic control of the pressure induced by the water demand which varies during the day in quasi-steady state conditions and the pressure surge control for unsteady regimes that can occur in PAT shutdown/start-up and valve control closure/opening, as well as in a sudden load rejection with the associated over-speed effect, are examined. An understanding of the system behavior in terms of pressure control and in the presence of different dynamic effects is provided, and, in addition, the different analyses that should be made for each PAT type and water system requirement are described.