Abstract
n patients with so-called functioning or syndromic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs), specific biochemical tests should be requested in blood or 24-h urine samples obtained with or without provocative testing. Levels of circulating markers or urinary excreted products can be monitored and used for tumor follow-up. These tumors include gastrinomas, insulinomas, VIPomas, glucagonomas, GHRHomas, ACTHomas, PTHrPomas, somatostatinomas, PanNETs causing the carcinoid syndrome, and PanNETs secreting cholecystokinin (CCK), insulinlike growth factor II (IGF-II), renin, luteinizing hormone (LH), and erythropoietin
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CITATION STYLE
De Herder, W. W. (2015). Endocrinologicalapproach to the diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. In Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Practical Approach to Diagnosis, Classification, and Therapy (pp. 39–42). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17235-4_4
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