MORTALITY OF THE ADULT POPULATION OF MOSCOW AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FROM OBESITY-ASSOCIATED CAUSES

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Currently, obesity is considered one of the most significant health problems, representing a common chronic disease leading to the development of severe comorbidities, accompanied by the loss of disability-adjusted life years and high mortality. Due to the fact that obesity is one of the leading risk factors for a number of non-communicable diseases, such as diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the endocrine system and malignant neoplasms. AIMS: assessment of adult mortality dynamics from obesity-associated causes in Moscow compared to the Russian Federation in 2011-2020. MATERIALS AND METHODS: data from the analytic package FAISS (internal use program): standardized mortality rates for population of Moscow and the Russian Federation as a whole. RESULTS: Over the 10-year period under study, mortality in the class of diseases of the circulatory system and malignant neoplasms was decreasing, while mortality from diseases of the endocrine system was increasing. Adult mortality from the diseases of the circulatory system in Moscow reduced by 12%, in the Russian Federation - by 25%. It should be noted, that mortality rate in Moscow (302.5 per 100,000) is significantly (by 34%) lower than in Russia (460.3), at the same time, the rate of mortality reduction over a 10-year period is equal and amounts to 23-25%. Myocardial infarction is the most serious obesity-associated disease characterized by high mortality in the class of the diseases of the circulatory system, it has a declining trend in Moscow and in the Russian Federation as a whole. Adult mortality from the diseases of the endocrine system in Moscow increased by 3 times, and in the Russian Federation - by almost 5 times, while the annual increase during the first year of the pandemic was 88% in Moscow and 24% in Russia. In Moscow, more than a half (66%) of deaths from endocrine causes belongs to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, in the Russian Federation - about 80%. Compared to the Russia's average, in Moscow mortality rates from neoplasms are lower by 8%, but at the same time, the decline happens at a similar rate (11-12%). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, Moscow demonstrates slowdown of growth of mortality rates from obesity-associated diseases compared to the Russian Federation, which could have been positively affected by prevention programs of noncommunicable diseases and promotion of healthy lifestyles.