Rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T-cell immunity in recovered COVID-19 cases

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Abstract

Objectives: There is emerging evidence that SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T-cell responses are likely to provide critical long-term protection against COVID-19. Strategies to rapidly assess T-cell responses are therefore likely to be important for assessing immunity in the global population. Methods: Here, we have developed a rapid immune-monitoring strategy to assess virus-specific memory T-cell responses in the peripheral blood of COVID-19 convalescent individuals. We validated SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T-cell responses detected in whole blood using in vitro expansion with SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Results: T-cell immunity characterised by the production of IFN-γ and IL-2 could be consistently detected in the whole blood of recovered participants. T cells predominantly recognised structural SARS-CoV-2 proteins. In vitro expansion demonstrated that while CD8+ T cells recognised nucleocapsid protein, spike protein and ORF3a, CD4+ T cells more broadly targeted multiple SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Conclusion: These observations provide a timely monitoring approach for identifying SARS-CoV-2 cellular immunity and may serve as a diagnostic for the stratification of risk in immunocompromised and other at-risk individuals.

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Lineburg, K. E., Srihari, S., Altaf, M., Swaminathan, S., Panikkar, A., Raju, J., … Smith, C. (2020). Rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T-cell immunity in recovered COVID-19 cases. Clinical and Translational Immunology, 9(12). https://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1219

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