Omphalocele

Abstract

Omphalocele is an abdominal wall defect in which the abdominal viscera herniate through the umbilicus and are covered by a sac. Omphalocele is frequently detected on antenatal ultrasound. Prenatal diagnosis may influence mode and location of delivery and should stimulate investigations looking for associated chromosomal and structural abnormalities. The surgical management of omphalocele consists of closure of the abdominal wall defect either primarily or with a variety of staged approaches. The choice of approach depends on the size of the defect, the amount of herniated viscera, and the presence of associated comorbidities such as cardiac anomalies, pulmonary hypoplasia, or prematurity. Long-term outcome is favorable in most cases; however, significant associated anomalies may result in ongoing morbidity and mortality.