Non-invasive coronary wave intensity analysis

Abstract

Wave intensity analysis is calculated from simultaneously acquired measures of pressure and flow. Its mathematical computation produces a profile that provides quantitative information on the energy exchange driving blood flow acceleration and deceleration. Within the coronary circulation it has proven most useful in describing the wave that originates from the myocardium and that is responsible for driving the majority of coronary flow, labelled the backward decompression wave. Whilst this wave has demonstrated valuable insights into the pathogenic processes of a number of disease states, its measurement is hampered by its invasive necessity. However, recent work has used transthoracic echocardiography and an established measures of central aortic pressure to produce coronary flow velocity and pressure waveforms respectively. This has allowed a non-invasive measure of coronary wave intensity analysis, and in particular the backward decompression wave, to be calculated. It is anticipated that this will allow this tool to become more applicable and widespread, ultimately moving it from the research to the clinical domain.