Computed tomography

Abstract

Computed tomography (CT) is a useful diagnostic imaging modality for a wide range of indications, but nevertheless has certain pitfalls related to image acquisition, image processing, and interpretation. It is important to appropriately recognize the basic types of CT artifacts and to be familiar with steps to reduce these in diagnostic imaging. Other important technical factors to consider in order to avoid misinterpretation in CT studies are the use of proper post-processing algorithms, use of appropriate window levels when viewing the images, optimal contrast bolus timing, and awareness of the effects of partial volume averaging. Recent advances, including dual-energy CT, iterative reconstruction algorithms, and portable CT, have helped address some of the limitations of standard CT but also have potential pitfalls. These issues are discussed and illustrated in this chapter.