RFLP and RAPD Analysis of Wild and Cultivated Grapes (Vitis spp.)

Abstract

Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses were used to analyze the relations among wild grapes in Japan, Korea, and China, and cultivated grapes. RFLP analysis of an intergenic spacer region of ribosomal DNA revealed that all the tested species and varieties of Vitis had their specific banding patterns with some variations among the samples. RAPD data obtained, using the primers OPA01, OPA02, OPA11, OPB01 and OPB06, were clustered by UPGMA. A phenogram of 24 samples of wild grapes and 16 samples of cultivated grapes showed a clear separation between wild and cultivated grapes. Oriental and occidental cultivars of V. vinifera formed separate clusters, which, together, formed a higher cluster that was separate from a cluster formed by the V. labrusca cultivars. Although 'Koshu' was found to be a part of the cluster of oriental cuitivars of V. vinifera, as it has been considered to be, the RFLP pattern of 'Koshu' has two weak bands which were not found in other cultivars of V. vinifera.