A meta-analysis of prospective memory (PM) studies revealed that in laboratory settings younger participants outperform older participants on tests of both time- and event-based PM (rs = -.39 and -.34. respectively). Event-based PM tasks that impose higher levels of controlled strategic demand are associated with significantly larger age effects than event-based PM tasks that are supported by relatively more automatic processes (rs = -.40 vs. -.14, respectively). However, contrary to the prevailing view in the literature, retrospective memory as measured by free recall is associated with significantly greater age-related decline (r = -.52) than PM, and older participants perform substantially better than their younger counterparts in naturalistic PM studies (rs = .35 and .52 for event- and time-based PM, respectively).
CITATION STYLE
Henry, J. D., MacLeod, M. S., Phillips, L. H., & Crawford, J. R. (2004, March). A Meta-Analytic Review of Prospective Memory and Aging. Psychology and Aging. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.19.1.27
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