Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an intracellular pathogen causing human tuberculosis, an infectious disease that still remains as a global health problem. Autophagy, a lysosomal degradative process, has emerged as a critical pathway to restrict intracellular Mtb growth through enhancement of phagosomal maturation. Indeed, several autophagy-modulating agents show promise as host-directed therapeutics for Mtb infection. In this Review, we discuss recent progress in our understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of autophagy-modulating agents to overcome the immune escape strategies mediated by Mtb. The factors and pathways that govern such mechanisms include adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase, Akt/mammalian TOR kinase, Wnt signaling, transcription factor EB, cathelicidins, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy-related genes. A further understanding of these mechanisms will facilitate the development of host-directed therapies against tuberculosis as well as infections with other intracellular bacteria targeted by autophagic degradation.
CITATION STYLE
Silwal, P., Paik, S., Kim, J. K., Yoshimori, T., & Jo, E. K. (2021, March 22). Regulatory Mechanisms of Autophagy-Targeted Antimicrobial Therapeutics Against Mycobacterial Infection. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. Frontiers Media S.A. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.633360
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